Subaqueous rock-breaking chisel



(No Model.)

P. S. ROSS. SUBAQUEOUS ROCK BREAKING CHISEL.

WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

PETER SANFORD ROSS, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

SUBAQUEOUS ROCK-BREAKING CHISEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,812, dated May 12, 1896.

Application filed January 21, 1896. Serial No. 576,259. (No model.)

i0 (tZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PETER SANFORD ROSS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of. New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Subaqueous Rockllrcaking Chisels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to subaqueous roe-1c breaking chiscls or other pounding-weights falling by gravity, and has for its object to prevent undue wear and the consequent breaking of the lifting-cord of the chisel or weight. It has been found in operating subaqueous rock-breakin g chisels, such as shown in the patent granted tome, No. 517,556, April 3, 189%, that in an unduly short time the cord breaks a short distance above the chisel, say about two or three feet. The rupture of the cord is due partly to the strain put upon it by the collision near the chisel of the wavelike vibrations caused to travel up and down the cord when the chisel is arrested in its fall by the rock beneath, partly to the undue shock to which the cord is subjected at this time, and partly to the sudden strain put upon the cord when the chisel is lifted. In cases where the cord is permanently connected to the chisel or weight all of these causes com bine to break the cord; but in cases where the cord is not permanently connected to the chisel or weight there would be no ill cltects of shock to the cord or of the wave-like vibrations.

According to my invention the life of the cord is prolonged by providing an automatic take-up for the cord to be used in connection with the cord when it is permanentlyattached to the chisel or weight, and by also providing a cushion to reduce the strain on the cord when the chisel or weight is suddenly lifted to be used in connection with the cord both when it is and when it is not permanently attached to the chisel or weight, and by providing a buffer to cushion the cord from the recoil of the chisel to be used when the cord is permanently attached to the chisel. The

take-up may be and preferably is spring-actuated, and is so arranged as to take up the slack in the cord just after the weight has been arrested in falling, and thus diminish the wave-like vibration of the cord to prevent excessive strain thereon, and the buffer is interposed between the cord and weight so as to cushion the cord "from the recoil of the weight.

In the particular form of the invention shown in the drawings and hereinafter described the take-u p and cushion are embodied in asingle device in the form of a rubber core, the preferred arrangement, instead of being embodied in separate devices, as might be done.

In the drawings which form part ofthis specification a rock-brcakin g chiselis shown,

partly in section and partly broken away, with which one embodiment of the take-up and cushion and buffer are associated.

Figure l is a side view of the implement; Fig. 2, a vertical section; Fig. 3, a top plan view, and Fig. 4 a section on lines 4 4i, Fig. The chisel A is provided at its upper end with a recess B, in which is located a core G of rubber. The recess is closed by a screwcap I), tapped into the inner wall of the recess and provided with any suitable means for unscrewing the cap, such as key-sockets a. A red E extends down through an aperture l) in the cap D and carries a head F in the form of a nut tapped into the end of the rod and engaging the lower end of the core 0. The head F, when in the form of a nut, is best locked in place by a second nut F, and both may be further secured by a pin f, driven through an aperture in the lower end of the rod E. The cap D forms the seat for the core, but the seat might be otherwise formed. The core 0 may in some cases be a plain solid core of rubber with a central bore for the rod, but in its best form is made up of a number of small sections of rubber with metal plates 0 interposed between them and preferably a bottom metal plate 0 between the lower rubber section and the head F of the rod. "When the core is made up of separate sections, it is laminated, and in this form is better able to endure the considerable wear to which it is subjected. B are openings F through the sides of the chisel into the recess 13, for a purpose hereinafter indicated. A buffer G, which may be in the form of a coiled spring or any other Near the lower end of the recess suitable yielding device, but which is preferably of rubber, is located between the weight or chisel and the liftin g-cord, and is arranged to receive the impact of the lifting-cord when the weight or chisel has struck the surface beneath and also to protect the cord from the recoil of the weight or chisel. In carrying out this idea the rod E is provided with an enlargement cl above the buffer G, and it is deemed best to also employ a metal plate (1 of substantially the same area as the top of the buffer.

The rod E, of course, becomes practically a part of the lifting-cord, and if thought advisable the rod might be omitted and the lower end of the cord itself extended down into the recessB. In this case the enlargement 0? would be on the cord itself. In

assembling the parts the plate d and buffer G are first pushed onto therod back against the head (Land these partsmay fit very closely on the rod and be held thereon by friction or othcrvise it, as in the present embodiment, it is intended that they shall be carried by the rod. Of course, if deemedcxpedient, the buffer G might be fixed to the top of the chisel or weight and the plate at carried by the rod.

The cap D having been screwed orothcrwise fixed inthe top of the chisel the rod is then passed through the cap and the core 0 is passed onto the rod, being introd uccd into the lo wer end of the recess through the openings F. fixed on the rod. Theupper end of the rod E is provided with suitable means for attaching it permanently or otherwise to a liftingcord,which is generally made of wire. the chisel is lifted, the core 0 is compressed against the capD. lVhen the chisel on being allowed to drop is suddenly arrested, the core expands and takes up the slack of the cord, or part of it, and thus diminishes the force of the wave-like and other vibrations which would otherwise unduly bend and strain the cord and in time break it a short distance above the chisel. lVhen the chisel .is lifted by the cord, the strain on the cord is gradually applied through the intermediation of the rubber core, thus also relieving the cord of sudden strain at this time. In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in the drawings, the core Cand rod E comprise both the take-up and the cushion connection for the cord and they are housed in the recess B in the chisel.

Various other changes in addition to those heretofore suggested and which will readily suggest themselves to any one skilled in the art may be made without departing from the scope of my invention. For example, the

openings F for the easy adjustment of the core 0 need not always be employed, and in some cases the buffer may be omitted when The nuts F and F and pin f are then When the cord is not permanently attached to the weight or chisel.

lVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. The combination of a pounding weight or chisel falling by gravity and having a recess in its top, a rubber cushion seated on its upper side in said recess and adapted for engagement at its lower end with a lifting-cord, and a buffer between the weight or chisel and the lifting-cord and arranged to receive the impact of the lifting-cord and to protect the cord from the recoil of the weight or chisel, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a pounding weight or chisel falling by gravity and having a recess in its top, a rubber cushion composed of separate sections and interposed metal plates and seated on its upper side in said recess and adapted for engagement at its lower end with a lifting-cord, and a buffer between the weight or chisel and the lifting-cord and arranged to receive the impact of. the liftingcord and to protect the cord from the recoil of the weight or chisel,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a pounding weight g or chisel falling by gravity and having a recess in its top, a rubber cushion seated on its upper end in said recess, a rod adapted for connection with a lifting-cord and passing through said cushion and engaging its lower end, said rod being provided with an enlargement, and a bufier interposed between the weight or chisel and the enlargement of the rod, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a pounding weight or chisel falling by gravity and having a re cess in its top, a rubber cushion composed of separate sections and interposed metal plates seated on its upper end in said recess, a rod adapted for connection with a lifting-cord and passing through said cushion and engaging its lower end, said rod being provided with an enlargement, and a buffer interposed between the weight or chisel and the enlargement of the rod, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a pounding weight or chisel falling by gravity and provided with a recess in its top, and also having one or more side openings into the recess near its bottom, a lifting-cord connected with the weight or chisel, and a cushion connection interposed between the cord and weight or chisel, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

P. SANFORD ROSS.

\Vitnesses:

ROBERT STEWART, W. L. Ross.

IIO

ITS 

